政四A 劉力豪 (13)

系級 : 政四A
姓名 : 劉力豪
學號 : 04114140

出處 : https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-48572304
時間 : 2019/06/10

標題 :
Moldova crisis: Snap elections called by interim president


新聞內容 :
Moldova's pro-Russian President Igor Dodon has been stripped of his duties, escalating a political crisis stemming from inconclusive general elections.
The move came after his party agreed a coalition cabinet with a pro-European Union block, welcomed by the EU.
Outgoing PM Pavel Filip's rival party challenged that agreement, and the Constitutional Court backed Mr Filip, appointing him as interim president.
Mr Filip then announced the dissolution of parliament and new elections.
But parliament refused to accept his order and said the country's state institutions had been seized. Mr Filip's Democratic Party is led by Moldova's richest man, Vladimir Plahotniuc.
The Council of Europe (CoE) - Europe's top human rights watchdog - criticised Moldova's Constitutional Court and said it was "extremely concerned" about the situation.
"Recent decisions of the Constitutional Court are difficult to understand and seem to be arbitrary in the light of the text of the Constitution and of international rule of law standards," said CoE Secretary General Thorbjoern Jagland on Sunday.
There are now fears that the prolonged political crisis could lead to violent clashes on the streets.
Moldova, a former Soviet republic, lies between the EU member state Romania and Ukraine and is one of Europe's poorest countries.
Elections in Moldova in February resulted in stalemate, with no clear winner emerging between rival pro-EU and pro-Russian parties.
On Sunday, the Constitutional Court in the capital Chisinau relieved Mr Dodon of his duties because of his refusal to dissolve parliament.
This came a day after the pro-EU Acum political bloc and Mr Dodon's Socialists struck an unlikely deal and formed a compromise government.
In parliament, lawmakers also declared that Moldova's state and legal institutions "have been seized" by influential oligarchs, calling for the resignation of several top officials.
But their opponents say the formation of the new government took place a day after a constitutional deadline for this expired - a claim both Acum and the Socialists dispute.
Mr Filip's Democratic Party later filed a legal challenge, backed by the Constitutional Court.
In response, Mr Dodon described this as desperate steps to usurp power.
And the European Union has expressed support for the new coalition government.
"The European Union stands ready to work with the democratically legitimate government," a statement issued on Sunday said.

心得 :
位於東歐的摩爾多瓦地區，在二戰後成為蘇聯底下的社會主義共和國。1990年於蘇聯解體後獨立成為摩爾多瓦共和國。但獨立後隨即面臨國境東邊的德左地區之分離危機，因此摩爾多瓦與擁有俄羅斯軍事支持的德左地區展開了內戰，也導致摩爾多瓦如同眾多東歐國家一般面臨了親歐與親俄之情況。

摩爾多瓦在獨立後加入了聯合國、世界貿易組織、歐安組織，與北約、歐盟則僅為夥伴關係。莫爾多瓦為三權分立之議會內閣制，在政黨方面則分為親歐派與親俄派。今年2月的國會大選，結果由親俄的社會黨取得最大席次 (35席) ，親歐派的民主黨 (30席) 與ACUM聯盟 (26席) 則位居二三，但因為沒有政黨取得過半席次，因此必須組成聯合政府。

由於政黨之間的意識形態分歧過大，所以在組成聯合政府面臨許多困難，雖然最後社會黨加上ACUM聯盟組成聯合政府，但組成時間已超過摩國憲法限定之90天，因此憲法法庭宣布組成無效，且必須重新進行國會大選，但社會黨之總統杜登 (Igor Dodon) 不願意服從命令，因此憲法法庭更將其革職，由前總理菲立普 (Pavel Filip) 擔任臨時總統，而菲立普上任後隨即宣布解散國會，但新組成之聯合政府不服從命令，導致摩爾多瓦出現了憲政上的多項危機，歐盟方面也呼籲摩爾多瓦必須尊重法治精神，做出正確的選擇。