政三A 康倍瑄(2)

姓名：康倍瑄
班級：政三A
學號：05114159

日期：2019/3/15

出處：Ekathimerini(希臘)

網址：http://www.ekathimerini.com/238598/article/ekathimerini/news/refugee-situation-in-greece-is-unsustainable-25-ngos-say-in-letter

標題：Refugee situation in Greece is 'unsustainable,' 25 NGOs say in letter

全文：

UK-based humanitarian relief agency Oxfam and another 24 nongovernmental organizations sent an open letter to European leaders calling for changes to migration policy, especially with regards to Greece, where the situation for thousands of refugees and migrants is “unsustainable.”

The letter was sent on Thursday, ahead of the anniversary of the EU-Turkey migrant deal signed on March 20, 2016, which the NGOs say has led to “policies and practices in Greece that are short-sighted, unsustainable, ineffective and dangerous.”

“The EU is allowing people to be trapped in appalling conditions while trying in vain to return them to Turkey. European leaders are neglecting their responsibility to protect people fleeing war and persecution – instead they need to be supporting people at their most vulnerable,” Renata Rendon, Oxfam’s head of mission in Greece, was quoted as saying.

“Currently, around 12,000 people – twice the maximum capacity – have been forced to spend the winter in overcrowded reception and identification centers, sleeping in unheated tents or containers with limited access to running water and electricity,” the letter said.

“They are exposed to violence, harassment and exploitation, without proper security or protection. These terrible conditions are due to the European policy of trapping asylum seekers in EU hotspots in the Greek islands, rather than hosting them in locations on the European mainland,” it added.

The NGOs called on Europe's leaders to “agree urgently” on new measures that will more equally distribute the responsibility for asylum seekers between its member-states, ensuring that the conditions they are subjected to at accommodation and processing facilities are “decent and dignified.”

They also called on Greece to “immediately suspend the restriction of movement that traps” migrants and refugees on the islands, and to ensure that the available EU funding is properly spent on “essential services such as medical and legal services.” 

摘要：

英屬國際人權救援組織和另外24個非政府組織寫了一封公開信給歐盟，要求更改移民相關政策，尤其是收容上千難民和移民而顯得無法再支撐的希臘。

寄信日期於周四，趕在2016年3月20日歐盟土耳其移民協議簽屬的三周年紀念日前，NGOs表示希臘現行的移民的政策和法規無遠見，無法持續，無效率和危險的。

歐盟一方面使人民陷於恐慌，一方面又在遣返上徒勞無功。公開信中表示希臘有將近12000個難民和移民每天擠在人滿為患的接待處和身分申請所，睡在冰冷且用水和用電都不足的帳篷和收容所裡。

NGOs認為這都是歸咎於歐盟及歐洲各政府的難民移民政策，並強烈呼籲停止或限制移民難民到希臘，並確保歐盟所撥下的經費真的有準確用在有效的照顧如醫療和身分合法化。

心得：

在2010年阿拉伯之春後，中東、非洲、南亞等地出現大量移民嘗試走水路經由地中海及巴爾幹半島非法入境歐洲尋求居留，一直到現在都持續有這種困境，而這股難民潮也帶給歐洲許多像是治安、更多的福利預算、收容上等等的問題。歐盟多次針對難民問題召開協商會議，表示成員國英在自願基礎上分擔難民問題，雖然保證控制外部邊境，並逐步遣返非法移民，但如同這次新聞中所說的，遣返的效果非常不顯著，讓多國已經負荷不住。眼下歐盟仍舊有許多問題，而針對非法移民和難民，我認為一味地收容和遣返，不論是懷柔還是強硬的手法都治標不治本，最好的方式還是讓消弭戰爭，還給人民一個能安居樂業的環境。